VOLVO RESEARCH AND EDUCATIONAL FOUNDATIONS

Effect of active muscle forces on knee injury risks for pedestrian standing posture at low speed impacts

Author(s): Malhotra, R.; Chawla, Anoop; Mukherjee, Sudipto

All authors:
Chawla A., Mukherjee S., Malhotra R., Soni A.

Host organisation: CoE New Delhi, India

Publication year: 2008

Published in:
Traffic Injury Prevention, 9(6), 544‐551.

Research theme: Traffic Safety, Walking and Cycling

Keywords:
traffic safety, road safety

Type:
Research article

Summary:

OBJECTIVES: The objective of the present study is to investigate the effect of muscle active forces on lower extremity injuries for various impact locations and impact angles for a freely standing pedestrian.

METHODS: FE simulations have been performed using a validated lower extremity FE model with active muscles (A-LEMS). In all, nine impact orientations have been studied. For each impact orientation, three different pre-impact conditions of a freely standing pedestrian, representing a cadaver, and an unaware and an aware braced pedestrian, have been simulated. Stretch-based reflexive action was included in the simulations for an unaware pedestrian.

RESULTS: Strains in knee ligaments and knee joint kinematics have been compared in each impact orientation to assess the effect of muscle activation. It is observed that strain in knee ligaments is dependent on impact locations and angles and the MCL is the most vulnerable ligament. Further, due to muscle effects, except when the impact is on the knee, peak strain values in all the ligaments are lower for an unaware pedestrian than either for a cadaver or for a fully braced pedestrian.

CONCLUSIONS: It is concluded that active muscle forces significantly affect the knee kinematics and consequently reduce strains in knee ligaments.

Upcoming Events

June 2021

Upcoming Events
	Mo	Tu	We	Th	Fr	Sa	Su
v22		1	2	3	4	5	6
v23	7	8	9	10	11	12	13
v24	14	15	16	17	18	19	20
v25	21	22	23	24	25	26	27
v26	28	29	30
	Jul » « May

On-going Calls

MOBILITY AND ACCESS THIRD CALL FOR RESEARCH PROPOSALS

VREF invites applications for research grants to support
projects to be implemented 2022 under the programme for “Mobility & Access in African Cities”.

Deadline: 15 September 2021

MOBILITY GRANT 2021- MAC-MG 2021 (pdf, 443.4 kB)

The VREF invites PhD students and advanced master students from Sub-Saharan African (SSA) universities to apply for a Mobility Grant (MG) to support a visit to another SSA university with up to SEK 25 000.

STUDY VISIT GRANT 2021

The VREF invites PhD students and researchers in early stages of their career to apply for a Study Visit Grant to be supported with up to SEK 30 000.

CALL FOR NOMINATION FOR the Håkan Frisinger Award for Excellence in Transportation Research

The VREF invites universities located in Sweden to nominate candidates for The Håkan Frisinger Award (Håkan Frisingers pris till framstående transportforskare) and apply for a VREF Visiting Researcher Grant for the nominated candidate.

Closed on 2021-03-15.

Read more... (pdf, 233.8 kB)

Supported Calls

Lee Schipper Memorial Scholarships for Sustainable Transport and Energy Efficiency targets supporting the momentum of Lee Schipper’s contribution to the international policy dialogue in these fields.

This yearly award is aimed at supporting young individual researchers and students in is pursuance.

Call deadline: March 1, 2021 .