Effect of active muscle forces on knee injury risks for pedestrian standing posture at low speed impacts
Chawla A., Mukherjee S., Malhotra R., Soni A.
Traffic Injury Prevention, 9(6), 544‐551.
traffic safety, road safety
Research article
METHODS: FE simulations have been performed using a validated lower extremity FE model with active muscles (A-LEMS). In all, nine impact orientations have been studied. For each impact orientation, three different pre-impact conditions of a freely standing pedestrian, representing a cadaver, and an unaware and an aware braced pedestrian, have been simulated. Stretch-based reflexive action was included in the simulations for an unaware pedestrian.
RESULTS: Strains in knee ligaments and knee joint kinematics have been compared in each impact orientation to assess the effect of muscle activation. It is observed that strain in knee ligaments is dependent on impact locations and angles and the MCL is the most vulnerable ligament. Further, due to muscle effects, except when the impact is on the knee, peak strain values in all the ligaments are lower for an unaware pedestrian than either for a cadaver or for a fully braced pedestrian.
CONCLUSIONS: It is concluded that active muscle forces significantly affect the knee kinematics and consequently reduce strains in knee ligaments.
2nd CALL FOR PROJECTS WITHIN THE MAC-PROGRAM
The VREF invites Sub-Saharan based researchers with expertise on sustainable and equitable
mobility and access or related areas, and strong interest in carrying out interdisciplinary research. Open for application until 2020-09-29
MOBILITY GRANT 2020 - MAC-MG 2020
The VREF invites PhD students and advanced master students from Sub-Saharan African (SSA) universities to apply for a Mobility Grant (MG) to support a visit to another SSA university with up to SEK 25 000.
The VREF invites PhD students and researchers in early stages of their career to apply for a Study Visit Grant to be supported with up to SEK 30 000.
Each year the Håkan Frisinger Foundation for Transportation Research awards a scholarship to a prominent researcher.
Lee Schipper Memorial Scholarships for Sustainable Transport and Energy Efficiency targets supporting the momentum of Lee Schipper’s contribution to the international policy dialogue in these fields.
This yearly award is aimed at supporting young individual researchers and students in is pursuance.
Call extended to April 30, 2020 due to COVID19.
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The Volvo Research and Educational Foundations (VREF) inspires, initiates and supports research and educational activities through the Future Urban Transport Programme - How to deal with the complexity of urban transport (FUT).
Our Vision: Sustainable transport for equitable access in urban areas
